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The throw-in during a soccer game is one of three methods of restarting play after the whole of the ball has crossed the entire width of the touch line. The ball crossing the touch line can occur either in the air or on the ground. The throw-in is the only time that outfield players can legitimately handle the ball.

Allowing players to kick the ball into play from the touchline would lead to virtual free kicks. However, not restricting the throw-in would change the nature of the sport altogether. As a result, Law 15 regulates the throw-in for soccer.

Procedure

The throw-in should be taken from the point where the ball left the field of play along the touchline. The player taking the throw must face the field on play and have both feet either on the touchline or on the ground outside the touchline. He must also use both of his hands and deliver the ball from behind and over his head. The ball is in play once it enters the field of play; whether on the ground or in the air.

The foul-throw

The foul-throw is a common type of throw-in infringement at lower levels of soccer. This throw does not conform to the throw-in procedure. In other words, any one of the following can result in a foul-throw:

i) The player not facing the field of play at the moment he takes the throw (for acrobats).

ii) One or both feet are completely off the ground when the throw is taken.

iii) Throwing to one side of your head or another (as opposed to directly over).

iv) Delaying the release of the ball until the hands are well past the forehead.

There can be several other manifestations of foul-throws. Ultimately, a foul-throw must contravene the specifications for a proper throw. Players are allowed to run-up before throwing or perform acrobatics once they perform the throw-in correctly at the end.

Other infringements

Beside the foul-throw, the thrower can commit other infringements associated with the throw-in. An opponent can also commit an infringement during this method of restarting play.

The thrower cannot play the ball a second time unless it has touched another player. If this is done, an indirect free kick shall be awarded to the opponent where the second touch occurred.

If the thrower throws the ball into the thrower's goal, a corner kick is awarded. If the ball is thrown directly (no touch by any player) into the opponents' goal, a goal-kick should be awarded.

The throw-in is not the time to exact revenge on an opponent or the referee. If you take a throw-in properly but deliberately smash the ball against an opponent, teammate or official in a careless, reckless or dangerous manner, you may be sanctioned. However, if the ball is played off an opponent in a manner that is not careless, reckless or dangerous, play should continue.

When the ball touches the ground before entering the field of play and the throw-in was properly taken, the throw-in is retaken by the same team. If the throw-in was not taken properly and this happens, the opposing team should retake the throw.

The ball can enter the field of play in the air. If the ball swerves wickedly in the air after a throw-in and went out of bounds before even touching the ground, the other team will restart play from a throw-in.

Opponents should be at least two metres from the point on the touchline that the throw must be taken from. Failure to adhere to this can result in a warning first and then a caution (yellow card). If the thrower fails to take the throw-in from the spot indicated by the referee, the throw-in can be awarded to the other team.

Officiating

The assistant and referee share the responsibility of determining if the ball goes out of play along the touch line and which team is entitled to the throw. Eye contact is necessary for the referee and his assistants to not give conflicting signals. The assistant generally has more responsibility for the side of the touchline that he or she is patrolling, while the referee handles the other side. However, when doubt arises, either can look to the other for help.

Signaling

Referees simply indicate which direction the throw is going with their hands and arms. Assistant referee extend their arm at an angle in the direction of the throw. If the assistant referee is unsure, the flag should be raised to indicate that the ball has gone out of play. Then assistant should then follow the referee's decision.

Darrell Victor is a freelance writer and member of the Trinidad and Tobago Football Referees Association.

More articles on soccer:

An introduction to World Cup Soccer: http://www.helium.com/items/1175484-an-introduction-to-world-cup-soccer

The basic rules of soccer: http://www.helium.com/items/1236351-the-basic-rules-of-soccer

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